Day 22-49
As the pups turn 21 days old, lactation demands become extreme. This is known as the peak lactation period. Milk production for an average or large litter drains the bitch’s body of calcium, and other nutrients. Now is the time to increase her food dramatically so that she can maintain her own body condition while nursing. Your bitches should not lose weight or condition while nursing; if she does, her diet is inadequate either in quality or quantity.
If you can control access by other dogs and her puppies, free feeding is appropriate during this period. We feed raw so do not free feed but instead feed four times a day and increase the amount we feed up to 500% of her normal rations. With exceptionally large litters of 14 or 15, we have fed up to 800% of maintenance.
How much you feed your dam at this point should be driven solely by her body condition, her stools and the pups’ stools, and the pups' weights Overfeeding can cause diarrhea in both bitches and pups so when you see soft stools, cut her back a little.
Many bitches are ready to start exercising during this period but we still must be cautious. If your girl is feeling up to it, reintroduce flexibility, balance, and proprioception exercises during these three weeks. Start slowly and back off if she is not enjoying herself, is stressed at leaving her puppies, or seems too tired to do them. Bitches vary greatly in how much exercise they want to and can do during peak lactation.
Do no strength training with her but you can begin low-risk skill training, such as a changes of position, short retrieves on mowed grass, nose work, or tracking. Protect those mammary glands from bruising, scratching or sores. Better to do no exercise than to bring on mastitis.
Late Lactation bitches can do low-risk activities only, as listed below.
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