Check out all our past newsletters for information on health discounts, webinars, podcasts, and more!
Good Dog is on a mission to educate the public, support dog breeders, and promote canine health so we can give our dogs the world they deserve.
Good Dog is on a mission to educate the public, support dog breeders, and promote canine health so we can give our dogs the world they deserve.
Good Dog is on a mission to educate the public, support dog breeders, and promote canine health so we can give our dogs the world they deserve.
Catch up on all the latest news from Good Dog. We feature regular health updates, tech tips, product updates, and more!
2022
2021
2020
We'd like to give a huge thank you and shoutout to Jacque Reynolds of Gabby Jack Ranch for their post on Facebook about Good Dog's Puppy Training Program!
Good Dog's Puppy Training Program is free ($235 in value) for all owners who complete payment with breeders using Good Dog. Good Breeders also always have free access to the course.
The thoughtfully crafted courses within Good Dog's Puppy Training Program were designed to enable puppy owners to become great teachers, and help you navigate through the ups and downs of raising a puppy. Plus, our hands-on coaching is readily available to troubleshoot any issues that arise as your pup grows, and is always tailored to your specific challenge.
Does your stud dog need a semen evaluation? A 2018 study assessed the effect of age and dog size on semen quality, and looked at what percent of semen samples were “azoospermic” (contained no sperm). Researchers examined 251 semen samples from 140 dogs of different ages and breeds, measuring the volume of the sample, as well as the concentration, motility (movement), and morphology (physical quality) of the sperm. They also looked at how sample quality impacted the ability to impregnate a dog with artificial insemination (AI).
Over 90% of the samples contained sperm, and smaller dogs produced smaller samples with a lower total sperm count. Although age did not affect semen volume, sperm concentration or motility, younger dogs were more likely than older dogs to have normally-formed sperm. Successful AI was more likely when the sample contained normally-formed sperm. Although a semen evaluation cannot guarantee a breeding outcome, it can be an important tool in a breeding program. You can access “Variables Affecting Semen Quality and its Relation to Fertility in the Dog: A Retrospective Study” here.
Happy Holidays from all of us here at Good Dog! We hope you're able to enjoy some time spent with friends & family - your Weekly Woofs updates will resume January 7th 🙂
1. Built for breeders.
Good Dog built our payment platform specifically for breeders. From our terms and policies to our automatic invoicing and record-keeping features – this system was built for you. Our goal is to protect you and your puppy buyers and give you the security and support you deserve.
2. Always free for breeders.
You’re always in control of your money and there are never any fees for breeders. That’s not the case with other payment methods. Venmo may charge you a fee of 1.9% of the transaction amount, plus 10 cents, and has the power to remove money from your account to issue a refund to your buyer.
3. We always have your back.
We guarantee your payment, which means your money is always 100% protected in the event of a scam, fraud, or canceled payment. Other payment methods, like PayPal, put the burden on you. They require an "online verifiable tracking number,” and “valid proof of shipment or delivery” in order to have a chance at protection.
*Plus, set your pups and new owners up for success with Good Dog’s Puppy Training Program, which is part of the optional protection and support we offer puppy buyers making payments on Good Dog (or your buyers can choose our no fee option)!
We’ve focused a lot on canine obesity and weight loss this fall, but have you considered whether the holidays lead to weight gain for your dogs? Dr. Alex German, who gave a fantastic webinar for Good Dog in October, collaborated with other researchers to look at how the Christmas holiday impacted weight loss programs in a study of 38 overweight dogs. Dog owners in their study reported that their dogs ate more calories during the Christmas holiday period, and lost less weight during and after Christmas, compared to how they were doing before the holiday season!
The takeaway from this research: if your dog is on a weight loss program, try not to lose too much ground by giving them extra food and treats over the holiday!
Thank you for participating in last week’s survey about holidays and your dogs! 91% of you said you would be buying holiday gifts for your dog, and 68% will be including your dog on your holiday cards!
What To Expect From Good Dog’s Puppy Training Program?
How can I access the Puppy Training Program as a Good Breeder?
When you join Good Dog, you get FREE access to our Puppy Training Program!
How can my buyers access the Puppy Training Program?
You buyers receive FREE access to our Puppy Training Program ($235 value) when they make a full dog payment through Good Dog with Protection & Support!
Do you include your dog in your holiday celebrations? Studies have shown that anywhere from 30 to 70% of pet owners include their pet’s names alongside with other family members' names on their holiday cards. And when it comes to gift giving, we are even more likely to include pets: between 50 and 80% of pet owners report purchasing gifts for their pets. A 2008 study of the shopping habits of pet owners found that those who tended to indulge themselves (e.g., making impulsive purchases or enjoying shopping sprees) were more likely to also open their wallets for their pets to buy treats, toys, clothing or accessories!
Good Dog would love to know: are you buying presents for your dogs this year? And did you include your dogs in your holiday cards? Participate in our 2-question survey and we’ll report the results next week!
Take the 2-question survey
🚧 FYI: We’re getting an end of year site upgrade 😎, we’ll be right back 🚧
We wanted to give you a heads up that we’ll be upgrading our website next week on Tuesday, December 7th. This means theGood Dog website will be temporarily offline and you will not be able to access it from approximately 3:00am to 6:00am EST on Tuesday, December 7th. We apologize in advance for any inconvenience this may cause, but are excited to continue making the website better for YOU 💙 If you have any questions regarding this planned outage, don’t hesitate to reach out to your Good Dog Specialist or email breederteam@gooddog.com anytime!
Our updated search results pages put breeders front and center! 🖼️
Our goal is to recognize breeders like you by giving you a place to showcase your individual programs that you put so much love and care into. That’s why we have redesigned the headings on our search result pages so that breeders’ profiles are displayed more prominently on the page! 🐶 ❤️ To spotlight your program even more, don’t forget to add cover photos to your profile page that show off your dogs! If you need any help adding photos, please feel free to reach out to our Good Dog Specialist team anytime at breederteam@gooddog.com.
We are excited to say we’ve had a tremendous response to our survey collaboration with Dr. Chris Zink about health and reproductive status in dogs. We’ve received over 6000 responses to date! We are still seeking participants with dogs who have had a vasectomy or ovary-sparing spay, so if you (or anyone you know) has a dog who has had one of these procedures, please feel free to take the survey or share information about the survey!
You can learn more about why we are doing this survey here. We hope to wrap up data collection by the end of the year and will keep you updated on what we learn.
And on the topic of research, have you ever thought about supporting a clinical trial? Good Dog has compiled a list of ongoing clinical trials related to canine health in our Health Hub. See whether your dog qualifies for any current studies here!
Good Dog’s 2021 Gratitude Giveaway
We hope you had a wonderful Thanksgiving and enjoyed some relaxing, quality time with your family, friends, and of course, your dogs! 🐶
As the holiday season begins, and 2021 comes to a close, we want to take a moment to share our gratitude for you--our incredible community of Good Breeders! You put so much time, dedication, and love into raising your pups, and we want to let you know how grateful we are for all of the joy you bring into the world.
🎊Good Breeder Gratitude Giveaway 🎊
We all have something to be thankful for. For us, that’s YOU and your fellow Good Breeders! As a small token of our gratitude, we’re giving away $50 each to five lucky members of our Good Breeder family 💙!
To Enter:
We have so many more fun surprises (and giveaways!) coming up, so keep an eye on your email and in the Good Breeder Facebook group to make sure you don’t miss a thing 😉.
We can’t wait to celebrate YOU and your fellow dog breeders all December long! ❤️
Have you used payments through Good Dog? Breeders are ALWAYS protected when they receive payments through Good Dog, and buyers have the option to pay with zero fees.

Many dogs compete in agility, and unfortunately some will be injured. A recent survey-based study looked at how factors such as age and reproductive status were related to injuries in agility dogs. 500 dog owners were surveyed at agility trials; the survey included questions about dogs’ age, sex, breed, age at spay/neuter, years of competition, and details about any injuries.
Almost one in three dogs had been injured; results indicated that the risk of injury increases with each year of age. Border Collies were at highest risk, and being spayed or neutered earlier was also associated with injuries. Finally, dogs at higher competition levels were more likely to have a history of injury.
Although survey-based research has limitations, this study adds to a body of evidence that early spay-neuter may present risks, especially for sporting dogs. Read the full study, “Internet Survey of Participant Demographics and Risk Factors for Injury in Competitive Agility Dogs” here.
🌟An Exciting Update to Help You Manage Puppy Buyer Applications 🌟
We want to make it easier for your potential puppy buyers to know when you’re accepting applications! Starting today, if your account is set to “sleep mode” meaning your applications are “snoozed” and you are not interested in receiving applications at this time, your profile will display an “Applications Closed” status. If your applications are not “snoozed,” and you’d like to receive applications, your profile will display an “Applications Open” status; you’ll have the option to add information about the number of puppies you currently have available or when your next litter is due directly on your profile! This means you will no longer have an “estimated wait time” field to update, and you’ll be able to manage your flow of applications using the new “Open” and “Closed” statuses. If you have any questions about “snoozing” your applications, you can read more about that feature here or reach out to your Good Dog Specialist Team anytime at breederteam@gooddog.com. We know your time is valuable, and we hope this change will help you manage and receive the applications from puppy buyers you want, when you want them! 🐶
We hope you enjoyed our webinar yesterday with Dr. Chris Zink, discussing alternatives to spay/neuter and our research collaboration! We’d love to have YOU participate in our survey, and we need feedback from ALL dog owners, whether your dogs are intact, spayed/neutered, or had an alternative procedure.
We are especially interested in hearing from dog owners whose dogs had vasectomies or ovary-sparing spay because there is no published research on the effects of these procedures. We hope to change that!
By completing this survey you will be doing a great service to the dog world by helping us understand the long-term effects of reproductive surgery so that we can make the best choices for our canine companions. You can fill out the survey HERE!
Did you know that the prevalence of spay/neuter surgery is highly dependent on location? In the United States, it is estimated that around 70% of dogs are spayed or neutered. In the UK, this number is closer to 54% and in Sweden, it is only 10%.
We are fast approaching our two-year anniversary of the launch of Good Dog’s health test levels. This was a milestone in our mission of improving dog health and supporting our Good Dog Breeder community on their journey from Good to Great to Excellent. Our community has grown so much during the years and now includes over 300 breeds! THANK YOU for giving us the opportunity to learn so much from all of you and the unique challenges and health concerns of all your amazing dogs. And thank you for the efforts you have put into maintaining your high standards, even in the face of shortages in veterinary care.
And as always, we are constantly working to improve (and make improvements based on your incredible feedback!), especially as our community continues to grow and evolve. You may have noticed some changes in the way health testing levels are communicated within search results, as we make these updates. But please know we are actively working on exciting plans to help you showcase everything that makes your programs unique and all that you put into your dogs directly on your Good Dog profile pages, and to provide transparency around health testing. We will focus additional efforts on educating the public about the importance of health testing.
Of course, we will continue to support our community by providing discounts and benefits for health testing, with our monthly health initiatives, the Good DogHealth Hub, through events like our Annual Health Symposium and through support of breed clubs with our Club Grant Program.
Stay tuned! As we move forward with these exciting improvements to help you showcase your unique programs, we will provide updates and will, as always, look forward to hearing feedback from YOU, our incredible community of Good Dog Breeders.
Dr. Chris Zink will be introducing a new survey looking at how reproductive status affects health outcomes in dogs in an upcoming webinar. We’re interested in learning more about alternatives to spay/neuter surgery, but we need ALL dog owners to participate! That means YOU can help Dr. Zink and Good Dog learn more about dog health! We’ll be launching our survey next week after our webinar onWednesday, November 10 at 1 PM ET. Be sure to join us on Facebook to watch the event live.
Dr. Zink wears many hats. She is a veterinarian who specializes in canine sports medicine. She is the owner of Canine Sports Productions and competes in several dog sports including Agility, Obedience, Conformation, and Rally. Dr. Zink is an accomplished researcher and author of dozens of scientific papers. She is the Director of Molecular and Comparative Pathobiology and a Professor at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. And we are very grateful to say that she also takes time out of her very busy life to serve on Good Dog’s Advisory Board!
Halloween should be full of fun frights for humans, but it should never be a scary night for your dog. The chaos of visitors coming and going throughout the night can be overwhelming to some dogs, especially if strangers are wearing scary costumes. Your dog may be barking, hiding, shaking, or otherwise showing signs of fear and stress. Follow these tips to make sure your dog has a stress-free Halloween 👻🐶
We hope you’ve enjoyed our October Health Initiative on Canine Obesity!
Are dogs who participate in shows less likely to be overweight? And how are they judged? A recent study in Sweden assessed 120 dogs of six breeds (Chihuahuas, Dachshunds, French Bulldogs, Golden Retrievers, Labrador Retrievers, and Whippets) who were participating in a dog show. Results suggest that 32% of the show dogs were overweight, with Goldens, Labradors, and French Bulldogs more likely to be overweight and have a high body condition score. Very few Whippets or Dachshunds were overweight and no dogs were obese.
Weight had no effect on competition performance, meaning overweight dogs were just as likely to win awards as other dogs. The percent of overweight dogs was similar to that of the overall Swedish dog population, but show dogs were less likely to be obese. The researchers conclude that more awareness is needed among dog owners, breeders, and judges to reduce the number of overweight dogs! The paper, “Overweight in Swedish Show Dogs–Prevalence and Association with Performance in Competition” is freely available online.
We are very excited about next week’s webinar, featuring Dr. Alex German, DVM/PhD, one of the world’s foremost experts of companion animal obesity. He is currently a Professor of Small Animal Medicine at the University of Liverpool, England where he also runs the Royal Canin Weight Management Clinic. He is also an internal medicine specialist, and his research focuses on gastroenterology and the effects of early life nutrition and growth on later obesity in puppies and kittens.
In 2019, his study, “Association Between Life Span and Body Condition in Neutered Client-Owned Dogs” found that across a sample of over 50,000 dogs of 12 different breeds, there was a significant reduction in lifespan ranging from six months to over two years when dogs were overweight, with the impact being largest for small dogs (Yorkshire Terriers). His more recent research found that charting early growth in young dogs could be used to predict later obesity. He’ll tell us more about these growth charts during his webinar next week. We hope you’ll join us on Thursday, October 28th at 1 PM EST!
You can also follow Dr. German on Twitter.
Are some breeds at higher risk for obesity?
Researchers in the UK used a massive dataset of electronic veterinary records for dogs to determine some risks factors related to being overweight or obese. The researchers randomly sampled records for 22,333 dogs who were seen at a vet clinic in 2016 (out of almost 1 million records that were available for 2016). Over 7% of dogs were labeled as overweight in the record, with Golden Retrievers (16.2%), Pugs (15.0%), and Beagles (14.2%) being among the breeds with a higher-than-average risk of overweight/obesity. Shih-Tzus and German Shepherds were less likely to be overweight. Being older and spayed/neutered also increased the risk of being overweight, confirming previous studies. The percentage of dogs who were overweight was lower than what is commonly cited, and the researchers believe that overweight status may be underreported in veterinary records. Further, it was revealed that dogs’ weights were not recorded in many of the electronic records.
Some dog breeds are at greater risk of becoming overweight, and further investigation is needed to determine whether overweight status is underreported in veterinary records. You can read the study, “Frequency, Breed Predisposition and Demographic Risk Factors for Overweight Status in Dogs in the UK” here!
All October we’re raising awareness about canine obesity! Hopefully you enjoyed yesterday’s talk about exercising with your dog by Dr. Carri Westgarth from the University of Liverpool and author ofThe Happy Dog Owner. You can catch the replay here!
Did you know that Good Dog has a Health Hub created by our Health, Standards & Research Team? We’ve got articles related to all aspects of dog wellness, including a new article on “Obesity and Your Dog’s Health” and our recommended reading list about dog nutrition!
We’d love to hear from you about what topics you’d like to see addressed in our educational content! Send your suggestions to: breederteam@gooddog.com.
To kick off our month of dog obesity awareness, let’s start with a recent study, “Perceptions of Body Condition, Diet and Exercise by Sports Dog Owners and Pet Dog Owners.” Researchers recruited 171 dog owners; 101 of them had active sporting dogs. Each dog received a physical exam where their body condition score and percentage of body fat were assessed. Each owner filled out a survey about the dog’s feeding and exercise behaviors, and their opinion of their dog’s body condition.
Pet dogs were more likely to be overweight (78%, compared to just 45% of sporting dogs). All dogs exercised regularly, but pet dogs were more likely to be walked, whereas owners of sporting dogs were more likely to play fetch or other games with their dogs. Sporting dogs were less likely to be neutered than pet dogs, and on average they were also fed less food and smaller amounts of treats. The success rates for owners correctly identifying their dog’s body condition ranged from 52% (pet) to 57% (sporting).
Although pet dogs were at greater risk, many sporting dogs were still overweight. Being a sporting dog may reduce some risks, but there is room for improvement to help all dogs maintain a healthy weight!
We hope you loved the content at our Health Symposium as much as we did!
Dr. Gail Smith gave an amazing presentation on hip dysplasia, and we have a few articles in Good Dog’s Health Hub if you're interested in more info. Learn more about what hip dysplasia is and how to test and register your dog with OFA and PennHIP.
Our newly-launched Health Hub is a dedicated source where we bring you the latest in evidence-based information related to behavior, nutrition, preventative care, fitness, and reproduction (and everything else DOG). If you have suggestions for topics related to dog health and well-being that you’d like more information about, let us know atbreederteam@gooddog.com!
Dr. Elizabeth Lutz received her Doctorate of Veterinary Medicine (DVM) from Cornell University in 2007. She completed her Residency in Comparative Ophthalmology at The Ohio State University in 2013, and holds a Master of Science in Comparative Veterinary Medicine from The Ohio State University. She is a board-certified Veterinary Ophthalmologist who practices in Havertown, Pennsylvania.
Dr. Lutz enjoys all aspects of clinical practice, as well as providing continuing education and providing state of the art medical and surgical care. Her clinical interests are diverse, and include the medical and surgical management of glaucoma, lens surgery, corneal surgery, retinal diseases and surgery, the novel treatment of tear film diseases, infectious disease ophthalmology, and exotic animal and equine ophthalmology.
Dr. Lutz will be joining our expert panel at the Health Symposium, along with Dr. Gayle Watkins, Dr. Kari Ekenstedt and Dr. Marty Greer.
Dr. Marty Greer, DVM, JD wears many amazing hats. She is a practicing veterinarian who specializes in canine pediatrics and reproduction; she is a breeder of Pembroke Welsh Corgis and Danish-Swedish Farmdogs; and she is an attorney at Animal Legal Resources, LLC. She is also the Director of Vet Services at Revival Health. She is also an accomplished author, writing the seminal textbook, Canine Reproduction and Neonatology, and more recently, Your Pandemic Puppy: Finding and Raising a Well-Adjusted Dog During COVID-19.
Because of her expertise, she is in high demand to speak about all things related to breeding, reproduction, and raising puppies. Good Dog has been fortunate to have Dr. Greer as a guest on the Good Dog Pod and our webinar series, and we could not be more excited to have her as a speaker at our Health Symposium!
Dr. Kari Ekenstedt, DVM, PhD, is an Assistant Professor of Anatomy and Genetics, and the head of the Canine Genetics Lab at Purdue University. Dr. Ekenstedt received her DVM and PhD from the University of Minnesota. She works on the cutting edge of the latest genetics methods to better understand canine health and disease. Part of her research focus is on the development of new genetic tests to help breeders make responsible decisions for their breeding programs.
Her research has addressed important canine health topics including peripheral neuropathy in Leonbergers, myelopathy in Pugs, and neuronal degeneration in Great Pyrenees. She has also published on the appearance of “hidden” genetic mutations in purebred dogs that lead to unexpected coat color variations. Dr. Ekenstedt’s work has been supported by the AKC Canine Health Foundation and the National Institute of Health. One memorable moment from her research career was when Dr. Ekenstedt obtained DNA cheek swab samples from 126 dogs in a single day at a field trial; this was not only a record, but also a reliable way to develop carpal tunnel!
We hope you will find Dr. Ekenstedt’s talk Exercise Induced Collapse as a Case Study for Dog Genetic Disease: Discovery, Testing, and Breeding to be a fascinating look into how genetic discoveries are made!
Do you know about the tech resources Good Dog provides to help you manage your breeding program?
Dr. Gail Smith, VMD, PhD is Professor Emeritus of Veterinary Orthopedic Surgery at the University of Pennsylvania and the Director of PennHIP. His research focused on the early diagnosis of hip dysplasia and resulted in the development of the PennHIP method for measuring the looseness of hip joints, which is a main cause of canine degenerative joint disease, also known as osteoarthritis.
Dr. Smith has no shortage of amazing accomplishments! He has contributed more than 100 publications on dog health, including research on the effects of diet restriction on aging and osteoarthritis, estimates of the prevalence of hip dysplasia, and risk factors for joint disease. He conducted a longitudinal study that followed a cohort of Labrador Retrievers for their entire lives to understand the trajectory of hip dysplasia. He has received research awards and accolades from the American College of Veterinary Surgeons (AVMA), the World Small Animal Veterinary Association, and Smith Kline Beacham among others, and he was a 2017 recipient of the Albert Nelson Marquis Lifetime Achievement Award.
Dr. Smith will be presenting on evidence-based breeding strategies to prevent the osteoarthritis of canine hip dysplasia at ourHealth Symposium.
Because we couldn’t fit everything in one day, we added a satellite webinar to kick off our Health Symposium! We’ve invited Dr. Anne Gemensky-Metzler, DVM, MS, DACVO and Professor-Clinical of Ophthalmology at the Ohio State University School of Veterinary Medicine, to discuss everything eyeballs and your breeding program.
She is a board-certified Veterinary Ophthalmologist whose research is focused on canine cataracts and corneal disease. She worked with the AKC Canine Health Foundation to study the effects of tetracycline on canine corneal ulcers. She also knows the ins and outs of eye testing, as she has conducted eye exams at multiple numerous health clinics in the Ohio region over the last 21 years.
Dr. Gemensky-Metzler serves on the American College of Veterinary Ophthalmologists Board of Regents, and has received numerous teaching awards. She also enjoys public science education such as speaking at the local Science Café and Equine Affair.
Dr. Gemensky-Metzler will speak on Canine eye disease and your breeding program at our Health Symposium Satellite webinar on Tuesday, August 24th at 1 PM Eastern.
Dr. Kathryn Meurs, DVM, PhD is a Professor, and the Associate Dean for Research and Graduate Studies at the North Carolina State School of Veterinary Medicine. She is a board-certified veterinary cardiologist who completed her residency and PhD at Texas A&M University. She is a true pioneer in the quest to identify dogs who are affected by or carriers of heart disease before they reach breeding age.
Her research has spanned multiple heart conditions and dog breeds, including cardiomyopathy, long QT syndrome, and Myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD). Her research has addressed the genetic causes of heart disease in Great Danes, Dobermans, Boykins, English Springer Spaniels, Rhodesian Ridgebacks, and Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, among others. Dr. Meurs was the first recipient of the Mark L. Morris Jr. Investigator Award from the Morris Animal Foundation in 2016.
Dr. Meurs will be speaking on:Screening for healthier hearts -- genetic testing versus a cardiology exam - breeds and diseases to consider at the Good Dog Health Symposium.
We are so excited to introduce you to our Health Symposium keynote speaker: Dr. Anita Oberbauer! Dr. Oberbauer is a Professor at UC Davis, where she is trailblazer in the field of canine genetics. Her work focuses on identifying whether canine health conditions are heritable, their modes of inheritance, and ultimately searching for the genetic cause.
She has published a huge body of work, including on canine epilepsy, cataracts in Jack Russell Terriers, deafness in Dalmatians, Addison’s disease, and the effects of neuter status on health in dogs. She helped discover a genetic mutation associated with biting and seizures in the Belgian Malinois, and her lab has several current research projects looking for paw-ticipants: https://cgap.ucdavis.edu/. On top of her many research accomplishments, Dr. Oberbauer is also a breeder of Belgian Tervuren!
We think that Dr. Oberbauer’s keynote:Preserving dog health through testing: How to reduce test anxietyis going to be an amazing start to our Health Symposium and we hope to see you all there!!
Do dogs “doggy paddle”?
Humans, cats, armadillos, and crocodiles do it, and scientists think even dinosaurs did it: “doggy paddling.” Despite the term doggy paddle being a common descriptor of a specific swimming style, it turns out that no one has ever actually analyzed how dogs swim. UNTIL NOW!
Eight pet dogs from six different breeds were recorded while swimming in a pool. The researchers analyzed the dogs’ behavior and movements while swimming. All dogs, regardless of breed, swam at the surface, keeping their heads above water. Dogs alternated all four limbs while swimming, using a gait that is very similar to how dogs run on land, starting each stroke with the left hindleg, then the right foreleg, then the right hindleg, and finally the left foreleg. Smaller dogs paddled at a higher frequency than larger dogs in the study. Dogs’ tails did not seem to be involved in their swimming motions.
Doggy paddling is an efficient way to move in the water, minimizing resistance; however, the researchers concluded that the term “doggy paddle” is not the best description to describe how other species swim, now that we know how dogs actually paddle in the water. You can read the study here: “The “dog paddle”: Stereotypic swimming gait pattern in different dog breeds.”
You may have heard reports of dogs who know dozens of toy names. Recent research looked at whether this behavior is trainable, or is more innate.
Scientists first recruited six dogs who, according to their owners, knew the names of several toys. This was confirmed by asking the dogs to fetch a number of toys from another room. All dogs performed well above chance. These dogs along with 47 naive dogs and puppies were trained by their owner repeating the name of novel toys while playing tug or fetch with them. Dogs were rewarded when they fetched the toy.
Dogs were tested monthly to see if they could fetch the requested toys from another room. After three months, only seven dogs had learned at least ten new toy names - the six dogs who had previously demonstrated word-learning skills, and one dog from the naive group. Interestingly, ALL of these dogs are Border Collies! (However, there were plenty of Border Collies in the group who did not demonstrate word-learning).
The researchers concluded that these seven dogs appeared to be gifted, with a predisposition for learning new words. There is likely a genetic component to this capacity, and for the remaining 46 dogs, training was not sufficient to help them learn new words. Read the study, “Word learning dogs (Canis familiaris) provide an animal model for studying exceptional performance.”
Folic acid fails to prevent birth defects in Labrador and Golden Retrievers
Nutritional defects in the dam during pregnancy have been associated with birth defects and stillbirths in puppies. In humans, deficiency of folic acid, a B vitamin, has been linked to cleft palate, heart defects and other congenital abnormalities. Studies of breeds with a high rate of oral clefts (Boston Terriers, Pugs, French Bulldogs and Chihuahuas) found that supplementation of folic acid reduced the risk of cleft palate and cesareans. A new study looked at whether these findings could be used to benefit Labrador and Golden Retrievers and their crosses.
Data from over 270 dams and 1900 puppies cared for by Guide Dogs for the Blind were assessed. Unfortunately, folic acid supplementation had no positive or negative impact on four measures: cleft palate, umbilical hernia, stillbirth or caesarean sections. This lack of an effect may be because Golden and Labrador Retrievers have such a low prevalence of these issues compared to other breeds. The benefits of folic acid supplementation may be limited to high risk breeds.
Read the study, “Folic acid supplementation does not decrease stillbirths and congenital malformations in a guide dog colony.”
Aging is both a physical and mental process, but physical and behavioral/mental changes do not always happen at the same rate. A recent publication reviewed how research related to dogs tends to categorize dog ages. In general, dogs are considered “old” when they are in the last 25% of their breed’s expected lifespan, which for some large breeds such as Great Danes and Dogue de Bordeaux, means they would be considered as needing geriatric care at as young as 5 years old.
Based on behavioral and cognitive tests, dogs with shorter lifespans do not experience an accelerated decline in cognitive abilities. Although their bodies age faster due to health problems, their minds do not. The author of this thought-provoking article proposes consistent categories for dog aging: puppy (< 6 mos), adolescent (6 mos -2 years), adults (2-6 years), senior (7-11), geriatric (12+) and very-aged (15+), recognizing that some dog breeds have a life expectancy that is typical for their breed, but atypical for dogs as a species.
Read the article:“How Old Is My Dog? Identification of Rational Age Groupings in Pet Dogs Based Upon Normative Age-Linked Processes”
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca, or dry eye, can lead dogs to have irritated eyes with corneal ulcers or yellow discharge. A recent study looked at veterinary records of over 350,000 dogs in the United Kingdom to assess the prevalence and risks related to this potentially painful condition.
From these records, the researchers were able to determine that about 0.4% of dogs were affected (that translates to 4 affected dogs out of every 1000 dogs). Brachycephalic breeds were most likely to be diagnosed with KCS, with American cocker spaniels, West Highland white terriers, cavalier king Charles spaniels, Lhasa apsos, English bulldogs, English bull terriers and English cocker spaniels most at risk. Increased age and being above the average weight for a breed increased the risks of KCS. This research can help us better prevent, recognize and treat eye disease in purebred dogs.
The study, Keratoconjunctivitis sicca in dogs under primary veterinary care in the UK: an epidemiological study, is open access!
Puppies are naturally sensitive to human communication
Dogs are incredibly sensitive to human gestures, such as pointing. If you point at something, your dog quickly picks up on your intention. These gestures are often called cooperative, as we are typically communicating something to our dog - often something that benefits them as well (like finding a treat!).
New research shows that puppies are “primed” to be responsive to humans. Almost 400 8-week old Labrador, Golden Retriever and Lab/Golden cross puppies being raised by Canine Companions for Independence (CCI) participated in the study. Puppies were given a series of cognitive tests assessing puppies ability to follow human gestures, as well as their attentiveness to humans.
Puppies followed human gestures above what would be expected by chance, and approached and gazed at humans when spoken to. These traits also had a genetic component, meaning that to an extent, they are inherited. Interestingly, when given a difficult task to solve, puppies were less likely to seek out help from a human compared to previous studies of adult dogs. This suggests that some aspects of human-dog communication develop a bit later in life. You can read the study and watch cute videos of the cognitive tests here: Early-emerging and highly heritable sensitivity to human communication in dogs.
Research participation alert! Do you live in the Raleigh, North Carolina area? NC State College of Veterinary Medicine is looking for Maltese and Siberian Husky dogs for a study looking at breed differences in pain sensitivity. Learn more here.
Multiple studies suggest: dogs can sniff out COVID cases
Although in the United States, COVID cases are decreasing, the SARS-CoV-2 virus is still a threat in many parts of the world, and access to rapid testing is critical. We already know that dogs can use their amazing sense of smell to detect everything from cancers to hypoglycemia, and now multiple research teams are testing dogs’ ability to detect COVID positive individuals. Among recent findings:
Dogs are trained and tested on samples from a limited number of patients, so it is still unknown how well dogs perform when exposed to new samples. Current research is on it - and perhaps instead of a nasal swab, we can all look forward to a dog nose letting us know if we’re in the clear.
Gene discovered related to hereditary deafness in puppies
Like in humans, non-syndromic hearing loss (NSHL) is observed in dogs -- meaning the dog is deaf without other signs (such as the white fur and blue eyes associated with deafness in some breeds). By utilizing data from thousands of dogs from both a commercial genetic testing company, and by completing whole genome sequencing on additional dogs, researchers were able to identify a gene, LOXHD1, that is associated with deafness in dogs. This gene is also related to human loss in humans and mice.
Out of a population of almost 800,000 dogs, six had two copies of the LOXHD1 mutation. Researchers contacted four out of six of the owners of the dogs, confirming that those dogs were in fact completely deaf. Of all of the dogs in the study carrying at least one LOXHD1 mutation, 63% had recent Rottweiler ancestry. This study provides us with new understanding of one of the genetic causes of deafness, and the increased risk for Rottweilers. Once a LOXHD1 test is available, breeders will be able to screen their dogs and breed appropriately to reduce the risk of producing puppies with hearing loss. Read the study: “Missense variant in LOXHD1 is associated with canine nonsyndromic hearing loss.”
Periodontal disease and cognitive dysfunction
In humans, there is a link between Alzheimer’s disease and periodontal disease. New research suggests that the same may be true of our dogs. Researchers studied 11 aged dogs (9+) with canine cognitive dysfunction (CCD) and 10 control dogs who had other health problems but not CCD (such as joint problems). All dogs received a neurological exam and had detailed dental photographs taken. Owners also completed a survey about the dog’s signs of CCD. The dental photographs were scored by a veterinarian blinded to whether they were looking at photos of a dog with or without CCD.
Results suggested that dogs with CCD had worse periodontal disease than similarly aged dogs without CCD. Although this study could not determine a cause-and-effect relationship, it is possible that similar to in humans, periodontal disease could be a risk factor for dementia. It is thought that the chronic inflammation of the oral tissues may increase neurotoxins. More research is needed to better understand this link, but it sounds like a great reason to stay up on your dog’s oral health. You can read the entire study here: “Periodontal disease is associated with cognitive dysfunction in aging dogs.”
Why are some dogs more likely to look you in the eye?
A recent study of 130 dogs in Hungary looked at what factors might make a dog more likely to make eye contact with a stranger. All dogs were pets who were brought into the lab for a series of cognitive tests, including assessing their greeting behavior, playfulness and eye contact.
Results suggested that cooperative breeds (such as sheepdogs) and mixed breed dogs were quicker to make eye contact than non-cooperative breeds (hounds, sled dogs). Older dogs were less interested in attending to humans than younger dogs.Playful dogs and dogs with a shorter muzzle also made eye contact with a stranger faster compared to other dogs.
The authors of the study propose that the popularity of short-muzzled (brachycephalic) dogs might be related to their propensity to be more attentive to us, increasing the perception that these dogs are more social. This research raises interesting questions about how breeding for certain traits (such as working with humans, and a shorter muzzle) might impact how they interact with humans! You can read the study here: “Shorter headed dogs, visually cooperative breeds, younger and playful dogs form eye contact faster with an unfamiliar human.”
Research Study Seeks to Predict Hip Dysplasia Early
Dr. James Cook, director at University of Missouri Thompson Laboratory for Regenerative Orthopedics and OFA chief operating officer Eddie Dziuk, join host Laura Reeves to talk about a study into biomarkers for hip dysplasia that can be identified in puppies at five months old.
Dr. Cook and his team released the results of a pilot study in 2019.
“(The) pilot study showed that specifically in male dogs … with over 90% accuracy, at five months of age, with a urine sample, we were able to predict hip dysplasia status at two years of age. So, it really is a crystal ball,” Cook said.
“This is the Holy Grail for us,” Cook noted. “We're super excited about it. The pilot study involved 14 dogs. The coolest part is that it can help both (dogs and people) at the same time. Which makes the research progress more quickly because dogs are such a good representation of people and vice versa. People get hip dysplasia as well. In fact, we're understanding that that is a primary cause of what we thought was just aging arthritis in the past. So, the cool thing is, so far, the biomarkers that work for dogs, work for people. That's really both given us more validity and sped up the process a bit as well.”
Cook is working with OFA (Orthopedic Foundation for Animals) to gather volunteer dogs for the study.
“We're targeting approximately 500 dogs,” Dziuk said. “This is to carry out and basically extend the information that they got from that pilot study. This is a very long-term study. It's going to take two years until we get the final output of this, but that'll give us some great information going forward after that.”
ENROLL HERE!
“A dog can be younger than six months of age at the time of enrollment,” Dziuk said, “but that first set of samples that we're looking to collect has to be done in that four to six month window.
“We are looking for serum, urine and then whole blood. The serum and the urine samples go to Doctor Cook’s lab. Separately, that whole blood sample will become part of the CHIC DNA repository. So basically, when dogs enroll in the program, they’re participating in the ongoing study that Doctor Cook is doing and they're also making DNA available for other future studies.”
“A biomarker is anything we can measure in the body,” Cook said, “that tells us something that can be either diagnostic, prognostic, treatment decision-making or screening…. The proteins that (we are) measuring are from inflammation and deterioration of the cartilage.
Listen to hear more about this absolutely fascinating study and how you can enroll your puppies.
Playing dogs seem to love an audience
Dogs love to play - and if they are lucky, they live with another dog they enjoy playing with! Dogs have signals, such as play bows and “play face” that they use to communicate with each other about their interest in play. But do dogs change their play behavior when they have a human audience?
To find out, researchers tested 10 pairs of dogs who lived and regularly played together. Each pair was tested multiple times in their home environment. During each session, there were three different conditions: no audience (owner in the other room), an inattentive audience (owner in the room, but using a laptop or reading a book), and an attentive audience (owner praises and talks to or pets the dogs). The dogs’ play behaviors together in each condition were assessed (all sessions were videotaped).
Dogs played for longer when owners were present and paying attention to them! This finding suggests that there is something about human attention that facilitates play between dogs. The attention may have been exciting or rewarding to the dogs, made them feel safe, or could have even provoked a little jealousy. The takeaway: your dogs might play a little more when you’re paying attention!
The study can be found here: “Owner attention facilitates social play in dog–dog dyads (Canis lupus familiaris): evidence for an interspecific audience effect.”
Embark genetic data contributes to discovery of new coat pattern gene
By surveying customers of their DNA tests for dogs, Embark researchers were able to locate a gene responsible for the trait known as “roaning” - a pattern of mottled white fur mixed with colored fur. Over 1500 dog owners provided saliva swabs for DNA samples and photos of their dogs to confirm roan patterning. Researchers used a technique called GWAS (genome-wide association study) to look for areas of the genome that might be different in dogs with the roan pattern from those without. And in fact, they did find a marker on the CFA38 gene that successfully predicted roaning. Interestingly, Dalmatian dogs, whose patterns are not considered roan, showed a similar pattern as roaned dogs! There is a likely modifier gene in the Dalmation that has not yet been discovered. Moving forward, Embark panels will include the roaning test results. This study also highlights how commercial genetic testing can advance new scientific discoveries. The publication, “R-locus for roaned coat is associated with a tandem duplication in an intronic region of USH2A in dogs and also contributes to Dalmatian spotting,” is open access and available at:
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0248233
Next week, we’ll be introducing device verification to help better protect your account on our platform!
This means that on the off-chance there ever was an act of fraud, account hackers wouldn’t have access to your personal information and program details.
How it works:
As always, please feel free to pass along feedback so we can continue to improve the platform.
You can contribute to research related to canine aging
The Dog Aging Project, run by the Texas A&M College of Veterinary Medicine is looking for more dogs to contribute to their genetic study of aging. Researchers are specifically looking for:
Because this is ongoing research, they are looking to sign up puppies that continue to be a part of this 10-year project. If you’d like more information on how to sign up, you can check out:
DogAgingProject.org
And be sure to let your puppy buyers know about this important project!!
Is your dog right or left-pawed? Or ambi-dog-trous?
Like humans, many other animals can be either right or left “handed.” A new citizen science project, “The effect of sex and age on paw use within a large sample of dogs (Canis familiaris)” in the UK tested almost 18,000 dogs to see if they had a paw preference. Dog owners were asked to place a tasty treat inside a tube, just out of their dog’s reach. Dogs were given three chances to reach for the treat, and owners were asked to classify their dog as a lefty, a righty, or “hard to tell.” In all, around 44% of dogs were right pawed, 30% were left-pawed, and the remaining 26% had no preference. Dogs are more likely to be lefties than humans (about 10% of us are left-handed), and more male dogs were left-pawed than females. One limitation of the study is that they only used one task to test paw-preference, and it is possible that dogs might perform differently on other tasks (such as “shake” or observing which foot dogs use first when starting to walk). Do you know which paw your dog prefers to use for tasks? You can read the study here!
Parasites increase dogs’ attractiveness to sand flies
Sand flies: small, silent, and often unnoticed spreaders of disease. One such disease is leishmaniasis, spread by the bites of female sand flies, who feed on blood when they bite. Dogs are susceptible to leishmaniasis (which can be fatal for them), and they are the most common reservoir for its spread to humans. Some cases of leishmaniasis in the US have been reported, typically in people who have recently travelled in more commonly affected areas, such as Costa Rica, Mexico, Africa, and Southern Europe.
A recent study collected the hair of both infected and non-infected dogs in Brazil. The odors of hair samples were extracted, and then sand flies were placed at the end of a Y-shaped maze. At either end of the “Y” was either the scent of an infected dog, or an uninfected dog, and the flies were allowed to choose to visit either end of the maze. Female sand flies were overwhelmingly attracted to the smell of infected dogs over the uninfected dogs.
These results suggest that the parasite infection changes dogs’ smell in a way that increases the chance that flies will bite them and further spread leishmaniasis. “Parasite manipulation” is a fascinating example of how evolution increases the reproductive success of parasites...and it keeps scientists on their toes! You can read more about the study here and the open-access publication is here.
Do dogs recognize videos of other dogs as dogs?
Do your dogs seem interested in what’s happening on your television? Scientists still aren’t 100% certain of how dogs perceive moving images, and whether they can recognize what they are seeing. A recent study from Italy looked at how dogs respond to videos and sounds of dogs, and whether they would expect to hear barking when they see a video of a dog. To test this, 32 owned dogs (17 purebred and 15 mixed-breed dogs) were presented with either:
In similar tests in human infants and other animals, we can’t ask the animal to tell us if they are surprised by what they see. Scientists instead use the amount of time that an animal or infant stares at the presented images. The longer an individual looks (“looking time”), the more it is assumed that they are surprised.
Dogs spent the least time looking at the center of the presentation screen when the dog video was paired with barking, than when the dog video and sound, or dog sound and video were mismatched. Researchers concluded that dogs were surprised when they saw a video of a dog, but heard the sound of a frog, or when they heard barking but saw a video of a horse or cow. This is the first demonstration that dogs recognize other dogs on video. You can read the study here: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33740148/
What’s going down at the dog park? Possibly parasites!
Although puppies are most at risk for gastrointestinal parasites, any dog can be susceptible and suffer clinical signs due to parasites. Recent research looked at whether off-leash dog parks were a risky environment for dogs due to the potential spread of parasites. In order to assess this, researchers collected fecal samples from dog parks in 30 urban areas of the United States. The goal was to collect 100 samples from up to 10 different dog parks in each area. Over 3000 samples were collected, and all dogs contributing data were owned and from unique households. The age and breed of each dog was also recorded.
Almost 69% of owners had their dog on heartworm/intestinal parasite control medication, but the percent varied by geographic location. Intestinal parasites were found in over 20% of the tested feces, with 85% of sampled dog parks having at least one positive sample. The most common parasite was Giardia, and the most common nematode was hookworms. The take home message is that the majority of dog parks will have some parasite presence. Maintaining dogs on broad-spectrum parasite control and regular fecal testing are two ways to help ensure that your dog stays healthy while enjoying some social time at the dog park!
The full study can be read here.
Osteosarcoma is a painful tumor of the bone which appears to be common in some dog breeds. It is often first detected when a dog experiences limping or lameness. Because of the observed breed association, it is assumed that there is a genetic component to the condition. Previous studies have had small sample sizes or did not explore possible protective factors. A recent retrospective, case-control study in the UK looked at data from over 1700 osteosarcoma cases and compared them with a control population of almost a million dogs without osteosarcoma. From this data, researchers were able to assess which breeds appeared to be at highest and lowest risk for developing osteosarcoma. Over 70% of the dogs represented in the entire dataset were purebred.
Certain breeds had an increased risk of osteosarcoma compared to crossbred dogs: Rottweilers, Rhodesian Ridgebacks, Great Danes and Mastiffs. Breeds with the lowest risk of osteosarcomas included Jack Russell Terriers, Bichon Frises, French Bulldogs, and Cavalier King Charles Spaniels. The findings support an association between breed, body size and risk of developing osteosarcoma. You can read the study here: Dog breeds and body conformations with predisposition to osteosarcoma in the UK: a case-control study.
This week, I'm excited to have my colleague Dr. Mikel Delgado share some of her knowledge about the dog world!
Some endangered species are hard to study — they can be rare or otherwise difficult for scientists to observe. Tracking populations is important for making conservation decisions. Wildlife detection dogs (WDDs) to the rescue!! Due to their exquisite sense of smell (thanks to the thousands of olfactory receptors they possess) dogs can be trained to signal when they detect plants, scat, hair or animal nests. A recent overview of all studies related to WDDs found that the United States reported the highest use of WDDs, but the United Kingdom, Germany and Sweden also had high reports of use. Labrador Retrievers, pointing dogs (of unspecified breed), Border Collies, and German Shepherds were the most commonly used dogs for this work. Sheepdogs and cattle dogs were often used for plants, scats and pest detection. In over 88% of reports, dogs outperformed other methods of detection! Although there was some variability in performance, based on breed and what dogs were searching for, this study highlights just one of the many ways that humans and dogs work together, and the potential for dogs to help in unexpected ways with conservation efforts. The study was published open access and you can read the full article, Detection dogs help generate important data for research and conservation.
Our brains send us signals about the movement and position of our bodies, giving us self-awareness of our place in space, allowing us to understand how our bodies relate to other objects. A common test of this in human infants is whether they understand that it is difficult to move a blanket and give it to someone else if they are sitting on it. Do dogs have a similar awareness? Researchers tested this by asking dogs to bring them a ball made of rope, while the dog was sitting on a mat. The rope could either be attached to the mat the dog was sitting on, attached to the ground, or not attached to anything. If dogs understand that being on the mat limited their ability to move the ball when it was attached to the mat, they should be more likely to get off the mat before fetching it, showing body awareness. Dogs quickly learned that the mat was jerking under their paws when they pulled on the attached ball, and stepped off the mat more frequently than when the ball was attached to the ground or unattached! This demonstrates that they understood the consequences of their body being on the mat and could respond accordingly. Read the full article here: Dogs (Canis familiaris) recognize their own body as a physical obstacle.
As a community of dog lovers we are always looking to better understand the process of domestication and evolution of our dogs from the wild type to the many breeds we have today. We came across an interesting study published this month from a group of researchers led by the University of Buffalo that reported that the oldest known bone fragment of a dog was found in Southeast Alaska dating to 10,150 years ago. They originally thought the bone was from a bear but DNA analysis indicated it was from a dog femur. Prior to this finding the oldest known fragments found in the Americas were found in the Midwest. The new finding adds more information to the history and ways that dog populations have come to the continent. Read the full article:An early dog from southeast Alaska supports a coastal route for the first dog migration into the Americas.
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Dr. Judi's Health Corner 🩺
We are about halfway through National Pet Dental Health Month so we thought we would provide some more information about periodontal disease and the significant impact it has on our dogs’ health and well-being. The article we are highlighting this week is A review of the frequency and impact of periodontal disease in dogs that provides a comprehensive overview of the scientific literature. An interesting feature of the paper is Figure 1 that illustrates the prevalence of periodontal disease for 60 different breeds. The percentage of dogs with PD ranged from 5% of pitbulls up to 39% of greyhounds. We encourage you to discuss preventative care options for your dogs with your veterinarian.
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Owner Personality, Owner-Dog Attachment, and Canine Demographics Influence Treatment Outcomes in Canine Behavioral Medicine Cases
Behavior problems in dogs are common, negatively impact the human-dog bond and are often a factor in relinquishment to shelters. The development of behavior problems including aggression to strangers and dogs, excessive barking, and anxiety behavior is dependent on both human and dog factors. A recent study conducted by a group at the University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine reports that the success of behavioral interventions is also affected by both dog and human factors. They followed human-dog dyads for 6 months collecting dog behavior data using C-BARQ at baseline, 3 and 6 months, and a human Personality Inventory that included traits such as introversion, extroversion, conscientiousness and neuroticism and a pet attachment scale at baseline. Dog factors associated with treatment outcomes included age and weight with the most consistent predictor of behavior change at 6 months being less desirable behavior at baseline. Human factors included owner conscientiousness, extraversion and openness. And owner-dog attachment also played a role in outcomes for some behaviors. The authors concluded that this information could be used to inform treatment protocols and prognosis for clinical behavioral treatment and intervention.
Dr. Judi's Health Corner
This week we are going to focus on how to find a veterinarian that can do screening tests for your breeding dogs. Accessibility to specialists will vary depending on the region of the country where you are located. Some breeders may need to drive considerable distances to access veterinarians to conduct screening tests. The pandemic and associated restrictions, including cancellation of shows and health clinics, has made it difficult to obtain even routine veterinary care in some cases. Veterinarians have had to put measures in place to protect themselves, their staff, and their clients from infection which has increased the time it takes to deliver care therefore decreasing the number of appointments available each day. This often results in the decision to prioritize care for sick or injured patients over screening tests for breeding dogs. Additionally, in many states veterinary care staff are now being employed to administer COVID vaccines to people so that we can all get back to normal sooner. We hope that you will be patient and understanding of the veterinary professionals that are working so hard to care for our companions, and us, during these trying times. To support our breeding community in our shared mission to produce healthy puppies we have updated our Resources for Health Screening and Veterinary Specialists document which can be found in the Good Breeder Center. Let us know if you work with an amazing veterinarian that you want to recommend to other Good Breeders and we will add them to our Good Vets! And of course we are always here to help so if you have any questions reach out to your Relationship Manager or email help@gooddog.com.
Dr. Judi's Health Corner
Training using positive reinforcement has been gaining popularity for many years. However, there are still trainers and schools that use punishment (aversive) or combine both reward and aversive methods. A study published in December aimed to answer the question Does training method matter? The researchers looked at the responses of 92 dogs at 7 different training schools that employed reward (positive), aversive (negative), or a combination of the two methods. The researchers observed behavior from video recordings and measured cortisol levels from saliva samples. They found that the dogs trained with aversive or mixed methods displayed more anxiety-related behaviors such as crouching and yelping and had greater increases in cortisol levels compared to the dogs that were trained with reward only. They also conducted a cognitive bias test with 79 of the dogs and found that the dogs that were trained with aversive methods responded more pessimistically. They concluded that use of aversive methods should be avoided when training companion dogs due to the negative effects on their welfare. Learn more about how to choose a trainer here.
Dr. Judi's Health Corner
Sleep, or lack of it, is known to affect cognitive ability and mood in both people and animals. Changes in sleep patterns is often a symptom of chronic pain and the onset of cognitive dysfunction in older dogs. A recent study from Margaret Gruen and colleagues at NC State studied the sleep patterns of 42 healthy adult dogs to establish baseline information so we can better use changes in sleep to monitor the health of our dogs. Results indicate activity is affected by both weight and sex and dogs are most active when we are home- in the morning and evening and on weekends (this study was conducted pre-COVID). The full paper can be found here.
Dr. Judi's Health Corner
Good Breeders are aware of the implications of genetic diversity within their breed and the health of their dogs. I came across this blog post by Jaakko Pohjoismaki, a researcher from Finland discussing his recent publication, Variation in breeding practices and geographic isolation drive subpopulation differentiation, contributing to the loss of genetic diversity within dog breed lineages. They studied subpopulations of several breeds to look for differences in their genetic makeup. They reported strong differentiation within breeds based on geographic location and specialization of lineages. He suggests some practices breeders could incorporate into their programs to increase genetic diversity. We hope this will stimulate some discussion amongst you
Dr. Judi's Health Corner
Good Breeders are aware of the implications of genetic diversity within their breed and the health of their dogs. I came across this blog post by Jaakko Pohjoismaki, a researcher from Finland discussing his recent publication, Variation in breeding practices and geographic isolation drive subpopulation differentiation, contributing to the loss of genetic diversity within dog breed lineages. They studied subpopulations of several breeds to look for differences in their genetic makeup. They reported strong differentiation within breeds based on geographic location and specialization of lineages. He suggests some practices breeders could incorporate into their programs to increase genetic diversity. We hope this will stimulate some discussion amongst you
Dr. Judi's Health Corner
To kick off the last month of an eventful 2020 we thought we would highlight an article we are sure our fellow dog lovers will appreciate. A group of scientists recently met virtually, as the International K9 Team, to discuss preliminary findings from studies being conducted around the world to see if dogs have the ability to sniff out COVID. Sniffer-dog scientists (how’s that for a great job) around the world have turned their attention and research efforts toward training dogs to sniff out COVID as has been done with cancer and malaria. Preliminary findings from several groups look promising. One research group had dogs screen 1,680 airline passengers and they found 158 cases which were later confirmed with a PCR test. Negative results were correctly identified 100% of the time and positives 92% of the time! Read the whole article, Can dogs smell COVID? Here’s what the science says, to learn more about our amazing canine companions.
Dr. Judi's Health Corner
Parasites are a continuous concern for our companion animals. Some parasites are zoonotic meaning they can infect both humans and animals so are of special importance. Monitoring and reporting of prevalence and areas with the greatest increase in parasitic infections is an important aspect of epidemiology and the resulting veterinary recommendations for dog owners. The Companion Animal Parasite Council (CAPC) is an important and leading source for such information in the United States and Canada. This week they announced the top 10 cities for roundworm infections for the month of October. Don’t forget to take advantage of November’s health initiative -$10 off preventative medications or a fecal test!
Dr. Judi's Health Corner
We are excited to highlight a new paper entitled Canine nomograph evaluation improves puppy immunization published in the Clinical Theriogenology journal by the research group at the University of Wisconsin Companion Animal Vaccine and Immuno Diagnostic Service Laboratory (CAVIDS). The researchers report improved immune response and protection for puppies who were vaccinated following a protocol that utilized nomographs compared to those that did not. This information is critically important for breeders and puppy buyers to decrease the risk of parvo and distemper, two viruses with high mortality and morbidity, in their puppies. And a big thank you to Good Dog Advisor Gayle Watkins and the Avidog community for participating in this important research. More information about nomographs can be found here.
Dr. Judi's Health Corner
In our continuing efforts to provide the most up to date information to our community of Good Breeders, we are excited to announce a new feature in our weekly email newsletter highlighting recent science news that will benefit dogs and the people who care for them
To kick us off, this week is an update on non-hereditary DCM! Kansas State University’s College of Veterinary Medicine and Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory recently hosted a virtual meeting that brought together leading scientists in academia, industry and government to present the latest research findings on non-hereditary cases of DCM in dogs. The meeting highlighted the interdisciplinary approach that includes nutritionists, cardiologists, and epidemiologists working to understand the recent increase in cases reported to the FDA.
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